Inside an optical particle counter

Explore an optical particle counter. Follow individual particles through a laser beam, watch photodiode pulses, and compare fine, coarse and mixed aerosols.

OPCexplained
The science of measurement

Particles. Light. Insight.

Inside an optical particle counter.

Watch individual particles cross a laser beam. See how scattered light
becomes a pulse, a particle count and a size distribution.

Interactive explainer

Follow a single particle

Every particle leaves a signal.

Counting
Optical particle counter Sample air enters a nozzle at the top of a measurement chamber. Filtered sheath air surrounds the sample. Particles cross a 655 nanometre laser beam and scatter light onto a collecting mirror and photodiode. The pulse height analyser counts and sizes particles. A pump and HEPA filter circulate the sheath air. 01 / FOCUS THE FLOW Filtered sheath air Pump1.2 L/min HEPAParticle filter CHAMBER Sample inletIsokinetic sampling Nozzle 02 / SCATTER LIGHT Laser · 655 nm Light trap Collecting mirrorFocuses scattered light Photodiode Signal 03 / COUNT & SIZE Pulse heightanalyser
Explore every detail
  • < 2.5 µm
  • 2.5–10 µm
  • ≥ 10 µm
  • Sample air
  • Sheath air
  • Laser

Explore the measurement

AEROSOL
Choose the particle mixture
35%

Mostly small particles. Changes affect incoming particles; reset counts to start a new distribution.

Guide the particles

Sample air carries particles through the nozzle. Filtered sheath air surrounds the sample in the chamber.

Capture the scattered light

Each particle crossing the laser scatters light. A collecting mirror directs part of that light to the photodiode.

Count and classify

The analyser counts pulses and sorts particles into diameter channels. The histogram builds up as particles pass.

Illustrative simulation. Particle sizes, pulse heights and geometry are schematic. The fine-particle share is by number, not mass.Optical particle counting

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